Found in marine, brackish and freshwater environments all over the northern Hemisphere, the Sticklebacks are feisty, colorful at times, and always interesting behavioral subjects. Five genera, seven species.

Bibliography/Further Reading:  

Baugh, Tom 1985. The Sticklebacks, nature's spiny wonders. FAMA 7/85.

Bell, Michael A. 1982. Fossil Sticklebacks and the pace of evolution. TFH 11/82.

Goldstein, Robert J. 1995. The Sticklebacks. A most interesting freshwater species- and a native, too.

Goldstein, Robert J. 2000. The Sticklebacks, Family Gasterosteidae. FAMA 2/00.

Kenney, William R. 1988. Everything you always want to know about Sticklebacks... and probably a good deal more. FAMA 3/88.

Quinn, John R. 1976. I like Sticklebacks! Marine Aquarist 7:5, 76.