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Related FAQs: Hydrozoans,
Hydrozoans 2,
Hydrozoan Identification,
Hydrozoan ID 2, Hydrozoan ID 3,
Hydrozoan ID 4, Hydrozoan ID 5,
&
Hydrozoan Behavior,
Hydrozoan Compatibility,
Hydrozoan Selection,
Hydrozoan Systems, Hydrozoan Feeding,
Hydrozoan Disease,
Hydrozoan Reproduction, Medusoids/Jellies (Ctenophores, some Hydrozoans,
Scyphozoans): Jelly Identification,
Jelly Behavior, Jelly
Compatibility, Jelly Selection,
Jelly Systems, Jelly
Feeding, Jelly Disease,
Jelly Reproduction,
Fire Corals, Lace
Corals,
Stinging-celled
Animals
Related Articles: Cnidarians,
Fire Corals, Stylasterines,
Hydrozoan Jellies, Water
Flow, How Much is Enough,
/A Diversity of Aquatic Life
Not Corals! But
Still Stinging-Celled Animals: The Hydrozoans
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By Bob Fenner |
Distichopora violacea Red Sea |
Notable to aquarists and divers alike as being beautiful, fragile and
slightly to highly toxic to the touch! Watch your hands underwater... and don't
touch your mucus membranes w/o washing your hands after diving or working in
your tanks. Ouch!
Hydrozoans are the "other" Class of cnidarians
(Anthozoans making up the mainly Polypoid corals, anemones, sea fans... and
Scyphozoans the "real" Jellyfishes that live most of their lives as
medusas, inverted bell-shapes). Most of the Hydrozoans are small, obscure not-so
funny to touch Christmas tree sort of affairs, but they include such notables as
Portuguese Man of War, Fire Corals (Millepora), and the beautiful delicate
Stylasterines (Lace Corals) amongst their ranks.
These are colonial animals, sometimes a branch per colony,
other times a specialized part (like the "Sail" in the Man 'O War...).
Order Hydroida: Hydroids, the most common Hydrozoans. Most are
"tree-like" in shape with their stinging cells much like small leaves
or ornaments. Most reproduce sexually, with mature attached colonies releasing
small medusae that form at the base of their "branches"... these swim
off producing either eggs or sperm, that if joined, metamorphose into a planula
larval form that if fortunate, is blown by currents to a suitable reef surface
and attaches, becoming a new branched colony.
| Aglaophenia sp. Fiji. |

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| Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux 1812, Feather
Hydroid. Indo-Pacific. To about two feet in height. Zooplankton filter
feeder. Occurs in whitish and tan varieties. A colony in Australia and one
showing reproductive structures in N. Sulawesi. |
 
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| Antennellopsis sp. Very narrow single strand
colonies. N. Sulawesi images. |
 
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| Gymnangium longicauda, Feather Hydroid. 3 1/2 to 12"
tall. Thin, close-spaced individual branches with whitish branchlets.
Found worldwide in tropical seas. Cozumel and Nuka Hiva, Marquesas pix. |
 
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| Gymnangium hians (Busk 1852), Feather Hydroid. Found
in areas of good current on underhangs, in caves (pukas). Gray to light
brown in color. 2-3 inches in length. Indo-Pacific. Hawaii pix. |
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| Halocordyle disticha, the Christmas Tree Hydroid.
Branches alternately arranged on single stalks in colonies. Bearing
prominent white polyps at ends like Xmas ornaments. To three and a half
inches in height. St. Lucia pix. |
 
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| Lytocarpus sp. (family Plumulariidae). N. Sulawesi
image. |

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| Pennaria disticha Goldfuss 1820. Cosmopolitan in
tropical, temperate seas. To 12 cm. in height. Urn-shaped polyps are born
on upper sides of immediately alternating branches. N. Sulawesi and Nuka
Hiva, Marquesas images. |
 
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| Rapharia gorgoniae, Solitary Gorgonian Hydroid. Size:
1/4-1 in. diameter. Singular polyps with thin, clearish tentacles. Usually
found attached to sea fans, particularly Sea Plumes (Pseudopterogorgia).
Cozumel pic by Di. |

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| Sertularella speciosa, Branching Hydroid. Branches
alternate in single plane per stalk, with white polyps alternating.
Solitary or colonial. |
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Thyroscyphus ramosus, the Algae Hydroid. Uneven
alternately arrayed branches, often covered by algae. "Clean" in
St. Lucia, and more typical appearance in Belize and a close-up in
Cozumel. |
Bigger PIX: The images in this table are linked to large (desktop
size) copies. Click on "framed" images to go to the larger size. |
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